Newton meter (Nm):
Definition: It is the unit of torque in SI. It is considered as the force of one newton applied perpendicular to a distance of one meter away from its axis of rotation.
Usage: Frequently applied to situations of physics, engineering, automotive, and mechanical systems where torque is described in terms of rotational turn affected by a given force.
Kilonewton meter (kNm):
Definition: SI measurement for describing torque. It is equivalent to 1,000 newton meters, leading to measurements of highly intensified rotational force in large structures and devices.
Application: Civil engineering, structural analysis, heavy machinery
Dyne meter (dyn·m):
Definition: It is a unit of torque in the CGS system, centimeter-gram-second; one dyne meter is equivalent to an extremely small amount of torque compared with the Newton-meter
Application: Practically nowadays, very rarely encountered but might be seen in classical mechanics scientific texts
Pound-force foot (lbf·ft):
Description: A unit of torque that is commonly used within the US customary system, and it denotes the force of one pound-force acting at a perpendicular distance of one foot from the axis.
Use Case: Used most frequently within the automotive, mechanical, and construction industries and mainly in the US.
Pound-force inch (lbf·in):
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Description: Exactly like pound-force foot but this unit of torque calculates at the force applied at one inch from the axis, used for smaller values of torque.
Use Case: Commonly, this torque unit is used for measuring torque in small-sized mechanical tools, such as hand tools, bolts, and small machines.
Ounce-force inch (ozf·in):
It is used to express the force of one ounce-force applied at a distance of one inch. It is quite small and is utilized in sensitive torque measurements.
Use Case: Used in applications that require accuracy. That is the reason they are many times used in electronic devices, small machinery, and miniature torque wrenches.
Kilogram-force meter (kgf·m):
Description: A non-SI metric unit of torque, equivalent to the force of one kilogram-force applied at a perpendicular distance of one meter from the axis.
Usage: It has been adopted as a non-SI unit of torque in some countries. It is also mentioned in some mechanical and equipment manuals that were published many decades ago.
Kilogram-force centimeter (kgf·cm):
Description: Comparable to kilogram-force meter but reduced to a centimeter. It is an appropriate unit of measurement where the values of torque are relatively small.
Use Case: It is widely used to measure the torque in consumer appliances and small-scale devices in mechanics.
Gram-force centimeter (gf·cm):
Literals: It is a unit of torque that measures the force of one gram-force applied at a distance of one centimeter.
Use Case: It is hardly ever used in any modern application but sometimes it is used in scientific experiments and very small-scale mechanical systems.
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